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Wednesday, August 07, 2013

Manet: In the Conservatory

Manet: In the Conservatory
(Dans la Serre)
oil on canvas, 1879
Alte Nationalgalerie, Berlin
(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:In_the_Conservatory.jpg)
no copyright infringement intended

The two personages were friends of Manet, and the setting, a greenhouse at 70 Rue d'Amsterdam in Paris, was used by the artist as a studio for nine months, in 1878 - 1879. The painting had some dramatic moments in its history: looted by Nazis it was recovered in 1945 in a salt mine, among other artworks.

Is this a too conventional painting, with the master making concessions to public taste? Some jumped to this conclusion, while others noticed something beyond the obvious: a sense of dislocation between subjects and background, two completely different worlds sharing nothing but vicinity. Said Huysmans, (they are) marvelously detached from the envelope of green surrounding them. And going further, a sense of detachment between the two subjects, maybe replicating the detachment between them and the background.







The interplay of lines formally defines the work. The woman has an erect posture echoed by the vertical slats of the bench, and the man, though leaning forward, does not break that vertical. The bench continues off the right side, reinforcing the horizontal and the separation of foreground and background. The diagonal pleats on the woman's dress provide some relief from the linearity of the composition (wiki).

And a quick note for non-English speakers: the word conservatory carries two different meanings - musical college, and greenhouse.

(Manet)

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Thursday, August 01, 2013

Manet: On The Bench

Édouard Manet, On the Bench
pastel, 1879
Suzuki Collection, Tokyo
(http://www.wikipaintings.org/en/edouard-manet/on-the-bench-1879)
no copyright infringement intended

Aren't they incredibly gorgeous, the tones?


There is also another version of this painting from the same year, an oil on canvas, at the Pola Museum of Art, in Hakone, Japan.


(Manet)

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Manet: The Races in the Bois de Boulogne

Édouard Manet - The Races in the Bois de Boulogne
oil on canvas, 1872
J.H. Whitney Collection
(http://www.wikipaintings.org/en/edouard-manet/the-races-in-the-bois-de-boulogne-1872)
no copyright infringement intended

I am passionate for the tones Manet was getting in each of his oils. And each time I happen to see one of them, I am staring at these colors. In a way he is unique.

This painting is in the collection of John (Jock) Hay Whitney, who was a US ambassador to London, publisher of the NY Herald Tribune, an art collector, a philanthropist, and a very important businessman, founder of the oldest venture capital firm in history. His acquisition of this painting witnesses his lifelong passion for horses and horse races.

And Bois de Boulogne has a long history, starting with King Dagobert and passing throughout centuries.  I'd like to put here also some other famous paintings linked to this place.


Effigy of King Dagobert
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dagobert_I_effigy.jpg)
no copyright infringement intended


(Manet)

(Bois de Boulogne)

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Monday, February 18, 2013

A Parrot Puts Manet and Courbet in Dialog




Courbet had the ambition to eventually win the acceptance of Académie des Beaux-Arts, and this Woman with a Parrot had been created in their terms. It was accepted at the 1866 Salon. The reactions were mixed. Many were shocked by the woman's discarded clothing and disheveled hair. Years have passed and the superb subtlety of the composition became more and more evident: the parrot and the woman are two symbols in dialog, supporting each other, putting in value each other, exotic and erotic.

And speaking about dialog, Manet made a replica to the work of Courbet: his woman is dressed, cool, and detached. It has been pointed out that this picture may be an allegory of the five senses: hearing (the parrot), taste (the orange), touch (the woman's finger and thumb that touch), smell (the flower), and sight (the monocle) [Met].





(Courbet)

(Manet)

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Édouard Manet - Self-Portrait with Palette

Édouard Manet, Self-Portrait with Palette
oil on canvas, 1879
private collection
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Manet_Self-Portrait_with_Palette_v3.jpg)
no copyright infringement intended


One of the first 19th-century artists to approach modern and postmodern-life subjects, he was a pivotal figure in the transition from Realism to Impressionism (wiki).

I chose this painting here, as I am crazy for the tone Manet gets from brown-yellowish like oatmeal mixed with subtle nuances of grey. Beside that, you will note that the hand with the paintbrush is left unfinished. For Victor Stoichiţă, it is an act of painting that is depicted here, it turns painting around itself like a whirlwind (wiki).



(The Moderns)

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Thursday, January 31, 2013

Henri Fantin-Latour: Un atelier aux Batignolles

Henri Fantin-Latour: Un atelier aux Batignolles, 1870
oil on canvas
Musée d'Orsay, Paris
(http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Henri_Fantin-Latour_006.jpg)
(also published on Facebook by Belle Époque Europe)
no copyright infringement intended



Les Batignolles was the district where Manet and many of the future Impressionists lived. Fantin-Latour, a quiet observer of this period, has gathered around Manet, presented as the leader of the school, a number of young artists with innovative ideas: from left to right, we can recognize Otto Schölderer, a German painter who had come to France to get to know Courbet's followers, a sharp-faced Manet, sitting at his easel; Auguste Renoir, wearing a hat; Zacharie Astruc, a sculptor and journalist; Émile Zola, the spokesman of the new style of painting; Edmond Maître, a civil servant at the Mairie de Paris; Frédéric Bazille, who was killed a few months later during the 1870 war, at the age of twenty-six; and lastly, Claude Monet.
Their attitudes are sober, their suits dark and their faces almost grave: Fantin-Latour wanted these young artists, who were greatly decried at the time, to be seen as serious, respectable figures. Only two accessories remind the spectator of the aesthetic choices of the new school: the statuette of Minerva bears witness to the respect due to the antique tradition; the Japanese style stoneware jar evokes the admiration of this entire generation of artists for Japanese art.
In this group portrait exhibited at the Salon of 1870, each man seems to be posing for posterity. The painting confirms the links between Fantin-Latour and the avant-garde of the time and Manet in particular. It echoes Zola's opinion of Manet: Around the painter so disparaged by the public has grown up a common front of painters and writers who claim him as a master. In his diary, Edmond de Goncourt sneered at Manet, calling him the man who bestows glory on bar room geniuses.
(information from the catalog of Musée d'Orsay)


Now, some would ask what's the meaning of the word batignolles. Here you go: according to wiki, the origin of the name "Batignolles" may be the Latin word, "batillus", meaning "mill", or, it may be derived from the Provençal word, "bastidiole", meaning "small farmhouse".



(The Moderns)

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Friday, February 05, 2010

Baudelaire: Les Veuves

Manet's La Musique au Tuileries passes for the first Impressionist work in art history. Baudelaire is there among the other personages, just sketched, behind the first lady in white from the left.

Think at this painting, think at Baudelaire's poem, Les Veuves: the same Parisian universe of XIX-th century, depicted with the same calm tones, the same science of choosing the right colors for the right spots, the same way of organizing the storyboard and of following the narrative: brush at Manet, pen at Baudelaire, colors versus words; some scholars noted precisely this intertextuality between Manet and Baudelaire.

Édouard Manet - La Musique au Tuileries, 1862
oil on canvas
London National Gallery

Thus Michèle Battut had to build a replica both to the poem and to the canvas, and she answered the challenge with her minimalistic approach: an elegant lithograph with Paris away in the mist, the solitary trees speaking with great restraint about the desolate life of the widows.


Michèle Battut, Les Veuves, 1988
(https://www.idburyprints.com/)


As for Bernadette Kelly, she offered her own vision: a splendid elegy in an unbelievable flow of dark tones.

Bernadette Kelly - Les Veuves, 1979
(https://www.idburyprints.com/)


I would like to add here the etching of Mariette Lydis, offering an ambiguous sexual approach. leaving to any of you to formulate an answer: which approach is the most interesting, the minimalism of Ms. Battut, the shy elegy of Ms. Kelly, or the sexual suggestion of Ms. Lydis?

Mariette Lydis – Les Veuves, 1948
etching - aquatint

(https://www.idburyprints.com/)


Vauvenargues dit que dans les jardins publics il est des allées hantées principalement par l'ambition déçue, par les inventeurs malheureux, par les gloires avortées, par les coeurs brisés, par toutes ces âmes tumultueuses et fermées, en qui grondent encore les derniers soupirs d'un orage, et qui reculent loin du regard insolent des joyeux et des oisifs. Ces retraites ombreuses sont les rendez-vous des éclopés de la vie.
C'est surtout vers ces lieux que le poète et le philosophe aiment diriger leurs avides conjectures. Il y a là une pâture certaine. Car s'il est une place qu'ils dédaignent de visiter, comme je l'insinuais tout à l'heure, c'est surtout la joie des riches. Cette turbulence dans le vide n'a rien qui les attire. Au contraire, ils se sentent irrésistiblement entraînés vers tout ce qui est faible, ruiné, contristé, orphelin.
Un oeil expérimenté ne s'y trompe jamais. Dans ces traits rigides ou abattus, dans ces yeux caves et ternes, ou brillants des derniers éclairs de la lutte, dans ces rides profondes et nombreuses, dans ces démarches si lentes ou si saccadées, il déchiffre tout de suite les innombrables légendes de l'amour trompé, du dévouement méconnu, des efforts non récompensés, de la faim et du froid humblement, silencieusement supportés.
Avez-vous quelquefois aperçu des veuves sur ces bancs solitaires, des veuves pauvres? Qu'elles soient en deuil ou non, il est facile de les reconnaître. D'ailleurs il y a toujours dans le deuil du pauvre quelque chose qui manque, une absence d'harmonie qui le rend plus navrant. Il est contraint de lésiner sur sa douleur. Le riche porte la sienne au grand complet.
Quelle est la veuve la plus triste et la plus attristante, celle qui traîne à sa main un bambin avec qui elle ne peut pas partager sa rêverie, ou celle qui est tout à fait seule? Je ne sais... Il m'est arrivé une fois de suivre pendant de longues heures une vieille affligée de cette espèce; celle-là roide, droite, sous un petit châle usé, portait dans tout son être une fierté de stoïcienne.
Elle était évidemment condamnée, par une absolue solitude, à des habitudes de vieux célibataire, et le caractère masculin de ses moeurs ajoutait un piquant mystérieux à leur austérité. Je ne sais dans quel misérable café et de quelle façon elle déjeuna. Je la suivis au cabinet de lecture; et je l'épiai longtemps pendant qu'elle cherchait dans les gazettes, avec des yeux actifs, jadis brûlés par les larmes, des nouvelles d'un intérêt puissant et personnel.
Enfin, dans l'après-midi, sous un ciel d'automne charmant, un de ces ciels d'où descendent en foule les regrets et les souvenirs, elle s'assit à l'écart dans un jardin, pour entendre, loin de la foule, un de ces concerts dont la musique des régiments gratifie le peuple parisien.
C'était sans doute là la petite débauche de cette vieille innocente (ou de cette vieille purifiée), la consolation bien gagnée d'une de ces lourdes journées sans ami, sans causerie, sans joie, sans confident, que Dieu laissait tomber sur elle, depuis bien des ans peut-être! trois cent soixante-cinq fois par an.
Une autre encore:
Je ne puis jamais m'empêcher de jeter un regard, sinon universellement sympathique, au moins curieux, sur la foule de parias qui se pressent autour de l'enceinte d'un concert public. L'orchestre jette à travers la nuit des chants de fête, de triomphe ou de volupté. Les robes traînent en miroitant; les regards se croisent; les oisifs, fatigués de n'avoir rien fait, se dandinent, feignant de déguster indolemment la musique. Ici rien que de riche, d'heureux; rien qui ne respire et n'inspire l'insouciance et le plaisir de se laisser vivre; rien, excepté l'aspect de cette tourbe qui s'appuie là-bas sur la barrière extérieure, attrapant gratis, au gré du vent, un lambeau de musique, et regardant l'étincelante fournaise intérieure.
C'est toujours chose intéressante que ce reflet de la joie du riche au fond de l'oeil du pauvre. Mais ce jour-là, à travers ce peuple vêtu de blouses et d'indienne, j'aperçus un être dont la noblesse faisait un éclatant contraste avec toute la trivialité environnante.
C'était une femme grande, majestueuse, et si noble dans tout son air, que je n'ai pas souvenir d'avoir vu sa pareille dans les collections des aristocratiques beautés du passé. Un parfum de hautaine vertu émanait de toute sa personne. Son visage, triste et amaigri, était en parfaite accordance avec le grand deuil dont elle était revêtue. Elle aussi, comme la plèbe à laquelle elle s'était mêlée et qu'elle ne voyait pas, elle regardait le monde lumineux avec un oeil profond, et elle écoutait en hochant doucement la tête.
Singulière vision! A coup sûr, me dis-je, cette pauvreté-là, si pauvreté il y a, ne doit pas admettre l'économie sordide; un si noble visage m'en répond. Pourquoi donc reste-t-elle volontairement dans un milieu où elle fait une tache si éclatante?
Mais en passant curieusement auprès d'elle, le crus en deviner la raison. La grande veuve tenait par la main un enfant comme elle vêtu de noir; si modique que fût le prix d'entrée, ce prix suffisait peut-être pour payer un des besoins du petit être, mieux encore, une superfluité, un jouet.
Et elle sera rentrée à pied, méditant et rêvant, seule, toujours seule; car l'enfant est turbulent, égoïste, sans douceur et sans patience; et il ne peut même pas, comme le pur animal, comme le chien et le chat, servir de confident aux douleurs solitaires.

And here is an English version:

Vauvenargues says that in all public parks there are alleyways frequented primarily by disappointed ambition, by unfortunate inventors, by aborted glories, by broken hearts, by all of those tumultuous and closed souls in whom still rumble the last sighs of a storm, and who draw back from the insolent gaze of the joyous and the idle. These shadowy retreats are the meeting place for life's cripples.
It is especially toward these sites that the poet and the philosopher like to direct their avid conjectures. There they find ample fodder. For if there is one place that they scorn to visit, as I suggested just a short while ago, it is above all else the joy of the rich. That turbulent emptiness has no attraction for them. On the contrary, they feel themselves irresistably drawn toward all that is weak, ruined, grieved, orphaned.
An experienced eye is never deceived. In those stiff or dejected features, in those dull and hollow eyes, or in eyes sparkling with the last flashes of the struggle, in those deep and numerous wrinkles, in those so slow or so abrupt gaits, it reads instantly the numberless captions: love betrayed, devotion unrecognized, efforts not rewarded, hunger and cold humbly and silently endured.
Have you ever seen widows sitting alone on benches -- poor widows? Whether or not they are dressed in mourning, it is easy to recognize them. Indeed, there is always something missing from the mourning clothes of the poor, an absence of harmony that renders them even more heartrending. The poor are forced to scrimp on their suffering. The rich wear their's as a complete suit.
Which is the saddest and most saddening of widows -- she who drags by the hand a toddler whose reverie she cannot share, or she who is completely alone? I do not know ... I once followed for long hours an afflicted old woman of the second sort; stiff, erect, wearing a tiny, worn shawl, she carried herself with all of the pride of a Stoic.
She was obviously condemned by an absolute solitude to the habits of an old bachelor, and the masculine character of her manners added a piquant mystery to their austerity. I do not know in which miserable cafe and in what manner she ate her lunch. I followed her to a reading room, and I spied on her for a long time while she searched in the newspapers with active eyes, formerly burned by tears, for news of a powerful and personal interest.
Finally, in the afternoon, under a charming Autumn sky -- one of those skies from which descend a crowd of regrets and memories -- she sat down in a park, off by herself, to listen, far from the crowd, to one of those concerts with which military bands favor the Parisian populace.
Undoubtedly, this was the little debauche that this innocent old woman (or this purified old woman) allowed herself, a well-earned consolation for one more of those heavy days without friends, without conversation, without joy, without someone to confide in, which God allowed to fall upon her, for many years already, perhaps! Three-hundred and sixty-five times per year.
And another:
I can never keep myself from casting a glance -- if not universally sympathetic, at least curious -- on the crowd of pariahs who press up against the enclosure outside an open air concert. The orchestra throws out into the night festive songs, triumphant and voluptuous. Gowns trail, shimmering; glances cross; the idle rich, tired from having done nothing, saunter about, pretending to indolently digest the music. Here there is nothing but wealth and happiness, nothing that does not respire and inspire carefreeness and the pleasure of just letting oneself live, nothing except the sight of that mob over there that leans against the exterior barrier, catching for free, at the caprice of the wind, a scrap of music, and watching the sparkling furnace of the interior.
It is always an interesting thing, this reflection of the joy of the rich in the eye of the poor. But that day, across this crowd dressed in workers' smocks and cheap calico, I saw a being whose nobility was in striking contrast to the surrounding triviality.
She was a tall woman, majestic and so noble in all of her bearing that I do not remember ever having seen her like in all of the collections of aristocratic beauties of the past. A perfume of haughty virtue emanated from all of her person. Her sad, thin face was in perfect accord with the full mourning dress in which she was garbed. She too, like the plebeian masses with which she mingled but did not see, looked at the luminous world with a probing eye, and she gently nodded her head while she listened.
A singular vision! Certainly, I said to myself, That poverty there, if it is in fact poverty, must not admit sordid economizing; such a noble face assures me of that. Why then does she remain willingly in an environment which she stands out so strikingly against?
But when, out of curiosity, I passed near by her, I believe I divined the reason. The tall widow was holding a child by the hand who was, like herself, dressed in black. As cheap as a ticket might have been, that money would perhaps be enough to pay for one of the little being's needs, or, even better, to pay for something superfluous, a toy.
And she would return home on foot, meditative and dreamy, alone, always alone. For a child is turbulent, egotistical, without gentleness and without patience. And he cannot even, like a pure animal, like a cat or a dog, serve as a confidant to solitary sorrows.

(Baudelaire)

(Manet)

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Monday, June 30, 2008

Manet - A King Charles Spaniel

Édouard Manet - A King Charles Spaniel, c. 1866



(Washington DC National Gallery of Art)

(Manet)

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Sunday, June 29, 2008

Manet - Oysters

Édouard Manet - Oysters, 1862

Oysters call in mind refinement and also something free and wild. Léon-Paul Fargue famously wrote, j'adore les huîtres: on a l'impression d'embrasser la mer sur la bouche. Everybody knows this quote, seemingly nobody knows which of his books it comes from.

Here is another quote from Léon-Paul Fargue, en art, il faut que la mathématique se mette aux ordres des fantômes.

(Washington DC National Gallery of Art)

(Manet)

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Wednesday, June 18, 2008

Edouard Manet - Sur la Plage


The canvas is hosted by Musée d'Orsay. I had the opportunity to see it in an itinerant exhibition, at Phillips Collection.

The woman is the wife of Manet, the man is his brother. The tones that Manet succeeded in this painting are fabulous. Since I saw it, I am looking for his works in Washington's galleries to find again that tone of sand.


(Phillips Collection)

(Manet)

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Saturday, March 17, 2007

Gare Saint Lazare, Paris - Three Moments, Descending in Time

Cartier-Bresson, Behind Gare Saint Lazare, 1932

Cartier-Bresson, 1932




Claude Monet, Gare Saint Lazare, 1877

Claude Monet, 1877



Edouard Manet, The Railroad, 1873

Édouard Manet, 1873



(Cartier-Bresson si momentele lui decisive)

(Manet)

(Monet)

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Sunday, August 06, 2006

Édouard Manet, Woman Reading in a Café

Edouard Manet, Woman Reading at a Café, 1878-9
Sans cafés et journaux, il serait difficile de voyager. Un journal, un endroit pour frotter durant la soirée les épaules avec d'autres nous permettent d'imiter les gestes familiers de l'homme que nous étions à la maison, qui, vu d'une distance, nous semblent tellement un étranger. (Albert Camus)

Image from 'Blind Light', a movie by Pola Rapaport











A painting of Manet that I admire for its perfect balance, Le Chemin de Fer - it's at the Washington National Gallery, I discovered it last time when I was there.

Edouard Manet, Le Chemin de FerManet, Degas, Pissaro, Renoir, Monet met regularly at Café Guerbois, during 1866-1869. Before these artists were ever known as Impressionists, they were referred to as the Batignolles Group, as they frequented a café on the rue de Batignolles.
(Val Clark, The Parisian Café: A Literary Companion)

(Manet)

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